he axons of neurons enter the dorsal surface of the spinal cord, while the axons of neurons exit from the ventral surface of the spinal cord.

The axons of sensory neurons enter the dorsal surface of the spinal cord, while the axons of motor neurons exit from the ventral surface of the spinal cord.

Here's the step by step explanation:

1. Sensory neurons: These neurons are responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses. For example, they might inform the brain about the external temperature, or the pressure exerted by a shoe on your foot. The axons of these neurons enter the spinal cord via the dorsal surface.

2. Motor neurons: These neurons receive signals from the brain and spinal cord to control everything from muscle contractions to gland output. They help in executing movement and tasks. The axons of these neurons exit the spinal cord via the ventral surface.

So, in summary, sensory information travels into the spinal cord along the dorsal roots, and motor commands travel out of the spinal cord along the ventral roots.