The voltage across a membrane is called the _____.Group of answer choicesosmotic potentialelectrochemical gradientchemical gradientmembrane potential

The voltage across a membrane is called the membrane potential.

Explanation:

Membrane potential refers to the difference in electric charge inside a cell compared to outside, creating a voltage across the cell membrane. This phenomenon is vital for many cellular processes, including the transmission of electrical signals in neurons and the propagation of action potentials. It is primarily influenced by the distribution of ions such as sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺) across the membrane, which are controlled by ion channels and pumps. The terms osmotic potential and chemical gradient relate to the movement of water and solutes, while the electrochemical gradient combines both the electrical charge and the concentration of ions affecting the movement across the membrane, but the specific term for "voltage across a membrane" is membrane potential.