What is the difference between the Shakuntala episode in the Mahabharataand in Kalidasa’s play?

The Shakuntala episode in the Mahabharata and in Kalidasa's play differ in several ways:

1. The Storyline: In the Mahabharata, Shakuntala is the daughter of sage Vishwamitra and the apsara Menaka. However, in Kalidasa's play, Shakuntala is the adopted daughter of sage Kanva.

2. The Curse: In the Mahabharata, there is no mention of a curse. King Dushyanta simply forgets Shakuntala due to the passage of time. In Kalidasa's play, Shakuntala is cursed by sage Durvasa, which causes Dushyanta to forget her.

3. The Recognition: In the Mahabharata, Dushyanta recognizes Shakuntala when he sees the ring he had given her. In Kalidasa's play, Dushyanta fails to recognize Shakuntala even after seeing the ring. It is only after the divine intervention that he remembers her.

4. The Character of Dushyanta: In the Mahabharata, Dushyanta is portrayed as a king who forgets his wife and son due to his responsibilities. In Kalidasa's play, Dushyanta is portrayed as a noble and virtuous king who forgets his wife due to a curse.

5. The Ending: In the Mahabharata, Shakuntala and Dushyanta are reunited in heaven after their death. In Kalidasa's play, they are reunited on earth and live happily ever after.

These differences can be attributed to the creative liberties taken by Kalidasa to make the story more dramatic and appealing.