What happens to the temperature of a resistor when electrical charge flows through it?

When electrical charge flows through a resistor, the temperature of the resistor increases. This is due to the phenomenon known as Joule heating.

Joule heating occurs because as the electrical charge passes through the resistor, it encounters resistance. This resistance causes the electrical energy to be converted into heat energy. The heat energy generated is directly proportional to the square of the current flowing through the resistor and the resistance of the resistor itself, according to Joule's Law.

As more electrical charge flows through the resistor, the temperature of the resistor continues to rise. This increase in temperature can be observed by measuring the resistance of the resistor, as the resistance of most materials tends to increase with temperature.

It is important to note that excessive heating of a resistor can lead to overheating and potential damage. Therefore, resistors are often designed with specific power ratings to ensure they can safely dissipate the heat generated during operation. Additionally, heat sinks or cooling mechanisms may be employed to prevent the temperature from exceeding safe limits.