Research is conducted through various methodologies, each tailored to the specific needs and contexts of the study, ranging from participatory research to design science and qualitative methods.

Key Insights

• Participatory Research (PR):
  • PR involves systematic inquiry in collaboration with those affected by the issue being studied, aiming for action or change. It values genuine participation and democratic processes in research
    1
    .
• Social Media in Research:
  • Social media platforms offer a new method for data collection, enabling researchers to reach a large audience quickly and cost-effectively. This method supports collaboration, community building, and sharing
    2
    .
• Qualitative Research:
  • Semi-structured interviews are commonly used, especially with academic colleagues, requiring researchers to balance their roles as insiders and outsiders. This method provides rich data but necessitates flexibility and awareness of positionality
    3
    .
• Action Research:
  • Systems thinking and soft systems methodology are applied in action research to introduce changes within organizations. This approach supports practical application and problem-solving in real-world contexts
    4
    .
• Triangulation of Methods:
  • Combining multiple research methods enhances the credibility and quality of research by expanding the scope and reducing measurement errors. This approach is particularly useful in management sciences
    5
    .
• Design Science Research (DSR):
  • DSR involves a structured process model with steps such as problem identification, design, development, and evaluation. This methodology is crucial for creating successful artifacts in information systems
    6
    7
    .
• Pilot Studies:
  • Pilot studies are essential for testing research instruments and procedures before full-scale qualitative research. They help identify potential issues and improve the quality of the main study
    8
    .
• Action Design Research (ADR):
  • ADR combines action research and design science, involving iterative cycles of problem formulation, artifact creation, and evaluation. This approach is flexible and supports the development of practical solutions
    9
    .
• Medical Research Challenges:
  • Medical students face obstacles such as limited funding, lack of guidance, and insufficient research skills. Addressing these challenges requires institutional support and involvement in research activities
    10
    .

Conclusion

Research methodologies vary widely, from participatory and qualitative approaches to design science and action research. Each method has its unique strengths and challenges, and the choice of methodology should align with the research objectives and context. Combining multiple methods and conducting pilot studies can enhance the quality and relevance of research findings.