How many extra calories does being sick burn?
Research Question
Academic Insights
Being sick can increase energy expenditure, but the exact number of extra calories burned varies depending on the severity and type of illness.
Key Insights
-
Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in Critical Illness:
- REE is commonly measured in critically ill patients to determine caloric needs. In cases of severe burns, REE correlates with burn size, sepsis, and muscle protein catabolism .
- Increased caloric intake beyond 1.2 times REE in burn patients results in increased fat mass without changes in lean body mass .
-
Caloric Intake During Acute Illness:
- Excessive caloric intake during the acute phase of critical illness can lead to adverse effects such as overfeeding and inhibition of autophagy. A strategy of permissive underfeeding, matching a maximum of 70% of energy expenditure, is recommended .
- Energy expenditure in critically ill patients is influenced by the catabolic phase of the illness, which can vary over time and between patients .
-
Measurement Techniques:
- Indirect calorimetry is considered the gold standard for measuring energy expenditure, but it is not always necessary for setting energy goals in critical illness. Weight-based predictive equations (e.g., 25 kcal/kg/day) can provide a useful approximation .
Conclusion
Illness can increase energy expenditure, but the additional caloric needs depend on the type and severity of the illness. Accurate measurement of energy expenditure, such as through indirect calorimetry, can help tailor nutritional support, but simpler predictive equations are often sufficient in clinical practice.
Energy Expenditure and Caloric Balance After Burn: Increased Feeding Leads to Fat Rather Than Lean Mass Accretion
Is slower advancement of enteral feeding superior to aggressive full feeding regimens in the early phase of critical illness.
The Caloric Necessities of Critical Care Patients During the First Week of Admission
Energy estimation and measurement in critically ill patients.
Point-counterpoint: Indirect calorimetry is not necessary for optimal nutrition therapy in critical illness.
Non-Thyroidal Illness (NTI)
Physiological and Metabolic Requirements, and User-Perceived Exertion of Immersive Virtual Reality Exergaming Incorporating an Adaptive Cable Resistance System: An Exploratory Study.
Effects of intermittent normobaric hypoxia on substrate utilization and metabolic rate in sedentary males
Increased resting energy expenditure by fat-free mass in children and teenagers with constitutional leanness.
Physical Activity and the Missing Calories.
Investigation of thyroid hormone status among obese women of the endocrine outpatient department in a tertiary level hospital
Endurance Athletes Are at Increased Risk for Early Acute Mountain Sickness at 3450 m
Debunking the myth: exercise is an effective weight loss treatment.
TruuBurn Keto Max Reviews: Does Truu Burn Keto Advanced Diet Pills Work? v1
Analysis of Performance Pattern of individuals through different exercises with diversified BMI Score
Production, microbiological and quality evaluation of low-fat spiced yoghurts with low glycemic loads.
Apple Keto Gummies Australia - Reviews, Price, Side Effects, Benefits, Ingredients, Priceline, Chemist Warehouse, Afterpay v1
Response to lipopolysaccharide in Octodon degus pups produces age-related sickness behavior but does not have effects in juveniles.
Use of Xbox Kinect 360 Videogame for Rehabilitation of Sports Specific ACL Sprain During Lockdown Period Due to COVID-19 Pandemic
Acute-Phase Immune Response Involves Fever, Sickness Behavior, and an Elevated Metabolic Rate in the Subterranean Rodent Ctenomys talarum
Acute mountain sickness in a subject with metabolic syndrome at high altitude.
Respiratory alkalinization and posterior cerebral artery dilatation predict acute mountain sickness severity during 10 h normobaric hypoxia
Effect of metabolic gases and water vapor, perfluorocarbon emulsions, and nitric oxide on tissue bubbles during decompression sickness.
Metabolic rate and animal size correlated with decompression sickness.
Related Questions
- What factors influence calorie burn when sick?
- How does fever affect calorie expenditure?
- Can illness lead to weight loss?
- What are the symptoms that increase calorie burn?
- How does hydration impact calorie needs when sick?
Upgrade your grade with Knowee
Get personalized homework help. Review tough concepts in more detail, or go deeper into your topic by exploring other relevant questions.