What does the term 'popular sovereignty' mean?

Definition of Popular Sovereignty

Popular sovereignty is a political doctrine that asserts that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives. Essentially, it means that the power and legitimacy of the government derive from the will and consent of the people.

Historical Context

The concept played a significant role in the formation of democratic governments, particularly during the Enlightenment era, when philosophers such as John Locke argued that a government's legitimacy comes from the people it governs. This principle was notably emphasized in the United States, where it was foundational in the creation of the Constitution and in debates surrounding issues like slavery and statehood.

Key Features

1. Consent of the Governed: The government’s power is not absolute but is granted by the people.
2. Representative Democracy: In modern contexts, popular sovereignty is exercised through elections, where representatives act on behalf of the people.
3. Civil Rights and Liberties: Ensures that the rights of individuals are respected and that the government is held accountable.

In summary, popular sovereignty is foundational to democratic governance, affirming that the legitimacy of authority comes from the people's will.