A two-way table of counts/a contingency table is an appropriate tool to study the relationship between

two categorical variables.

Step 1: Identify the two categorical variables you want to study. These could be anything from gender and preference for a certain product, to type of car owned and frequency of maintenance issues.

Step 2: Create a table with one variable represented by the rows and the other by the columns. This is your two-way table or contingency table.

Step 3: Fill in the counts or frequencies of each combination of category levels. For example, if you're studying gender and product preference, you would fill in how many males preferred product A, how many females preferred product A, and so on for each product.

Step 4: Analyze the table to understand the relationship between the two variables. You can calculate row or column percentages to better understand the distribution of counts.

This table allows you to see if there is a relationship or association between the two categorical variables. For example, if a high percentage of females prefer product A over product B, but males are evenly split between the