Which statement describes Mendel’s hypotheses regarding gametes?

Mendel's hypotheses regarding gametes are foundational to the understanding of genetics. His hypotheses can be summarized as follows:

1. Law of Segregation: Mendel proposed that each organism carries two alleles for each trait, one from each parent. During gamete formation, these alleles segregate so that each gamete carries only one allele for each trait. This means that the offspring receives one allele from each parent.

2. Law of Independent Assortment: Mendel also hypothesized that the alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently. This means the inheritance of one trait generally does not affect the inheritance of another, allowing for genetic variation.

These hypotheses were derived from Mendel's experiments with pea plants, where he observed how traits were passed from one generation to the next.