Write a detailed long answer on : The Foundation and expansion of the Gupta Empire/Age.

The Gupta Empire, also referred to as the Golden Age of India, was an influential period in Indian history marked by extensive inventions, discoveries, and significant advancements in arts, science, and literature. The empire was established by Sri Gupta around 240 – 280 AD and lasted until 550 AD.

The foundation of the Gupta Empire began with Sri Gupta, who was the first known ruler of the Gupta Dynasty. He laid the groundwork for what would become one of the most powerful empires in Indian history. His son, Ghatotkacha, succeeded him and continued to consolidate the Gupta power.

The real expansion of the Gupta Empire, however, started with the reign of Maharaja Sri Gupta's grandson, Chandragupta I, who ascended the throne in 320 AD. He married a Licchavi princess, Kumaradevi, which established a matrimonial alliance between the two dynasties and expanded the Gupta Empire's influence. Chandragupta I was the first Gupta ruler to adopt the title of Maharajadhiraja (King of Kings), indicating his independence and power.

Chandragupta I was succeeded by his son, Samudragupta, who further expanded the Gupta Empire through his military conquests. He is often referred to as the "Indian Napoleon" due to his extensive military campaigns. Samudragupta's reign marked the beginning of the Golden Age in India, with significant advancements in arts, science, and literature.

Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son, further expanded the empire through his conquests. He is known for his victory over the Shakas, which extended the Gupta Empire to the Arabian Sea. Chandragupta II also promoted arts and science, and his court was home to the famous poet and playwright, Kalidasa.

The Gupta Empire began to decline after the reign of Skandagupta, who faced numerous invasions and revolts. The empire was finally overthrown by the Huna People in 550 AD.

In conclusion, the Gupta Empire was a significant period in Indian history that saw the expansion of the empire through military conquests and matrimonial alliances. It was also a period of great cultural and scientific advancements, often referred to as the Golden Age of India.