The acidity of a molecule is determined by the stability of its conjugate base. In this case, the conjugate base is the carboxylate ion (RCOO-). The halogens (Cl, Br, I, F) attached to the carbon chain can stabilize the carboxylate ion through inductive effect, which is the shifting of electrons in a bond in response to the electronegativity of nearby atoms. The strength of the inductive effect depends on two factors: the electronegativity of the atom and the distance from the site where the effect is observed. In this case, the electronegativity of the halogens decreases in the order F Cl Br I. However, the size (and thus the distance to the carboxylate ion) increases in the order F

Question

The acidity of a molecule is determined by the stability of its conjugate base. In this case, the conjugate base is the carboxylate ion (RCOO-). The halogens (Cl, Br, I, F) attached to the carbon chain can stabilize the carboxylate ion through inductive effect, which is the shifting of electrons in a bond in response to the electronegativity of nearby atoms. The strength of the inductive effect depends on two factors: the electronegativity of the atom and the distance from the site where the effect is observed. In this case, the electronegativity of the halogens decreases in the order F > Cl > Br > I. However, the size (and thus the distance to the carboxylate ion) increases in the order F < Cl < Br < I. Considering both factors, the inductive effect is strongest in FCH2COOH and weakest in ICH2COOH. Therefore, the acidity of the molecules increases in the order ICH2COOH < BrCH2COOH < ClCH2COOH < FCH2COOH.

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The acidity of a molecule is determined by the stability of its conjugate base. In this case, the conjugate base is the carboxylate ion (RCOO-). The halogens (Cl, Br, I, F) attached to the carbon chain can stabilize the carboxylate ion through inductive effect, which is the shifting of electrons in a bond in response to the electronegativity of nearby atoms. The strength of the inductive effect depends on two factors: the electronegativity of the atom and the distance from the site where the effect is observed. In this case, the electronegativity of the halogens decreases in the order F > Cl > Br > I. However, the size (and thus the distance to the carboxylate ion) increases in the order F < Cl < Br < I. Considering both factors, the inductive effect is strongest in FCH2COOH and weakest in ICH2COOH. Therefore, the acidity of the molecules increases in the order ICH2COOH < BrCH2COOH < ClCH2COOH < FCH2COOH.

Arrange the following in increasing order of acidity with suitable explanation. ClCH 2 COOH, BrCH 2 COOH, ICH 2 COOH, FCH 2 COOH

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Arrange the following in increasing order of acidity with suitable explanation.

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