The Flynn effect refers to the a. superiority of certain racial and ethnic groups on intelligence test. b. extreme scores (very height and very low scores) that are more common for males than for females on math tests. c. Stereotype threat that might cause some black students to underperform on standardized test. d. predictive ability of intelligence tests. e. gradual increase in average intelligence score of the general population over the last several decade.

Step 1: Define the Problem

Identify the correct definition of the Flynn effect from the given options.

Step 2: Break Down the Problem

Evaluate each option to determine which one accurately describes the Flynn effect.

Step 3: Apply Relevant Concepts

• Option a: This refers to racial and ethnic differences, not the Flynn effect.
• Option b: This describes gender differences in test scores, not the Flynn effect.
• Option c: This is about stereotype threat, unrelated to the Flynn effect.
• Option d: This is about the predictive ability of intelligence tests, not the Flynn effect.
• Option e: This describes the gradual increase in average intelligence scores over time, which is the Flynn effect.

Step 4: Analysis, Verify and Summarize

Verify that the Flynn effect is indeed the gradual increase in average intelligence scores observed over several decades.

Final Answer

e. gradual increase in average intelligence score of the general population over the last several decades.