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A SYN flood is a Denial of Service attack that overwhelms a server’s ability to to respond by sending a flood of what kind of network traffic?

Question

A SYN flood is a Denial of Service attack that overwhelms a server’s ability to respond by sending a flood of what kind of network traffic?

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Solution

A SYN flood is a Denial of Service (DoS) attack that overwhelms a server's ability to respond by sending a flood of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) network traffic.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

  1. The SYN flood attack begins with the attacker sending multiple SYN (synchronize) packets to the target server's IP address, from spoofed IP addresses.

  2. Each of these packets is handled like a connection request, causing the server to send back a SYN-ACK (synchronize-acknowledge) packet to the IP address of the supposed client, and then wait for an ACK (acknowledge) packet in response.

  3. Because the IP addresses are spoofed, the ACK responses never come. This leaves a large number of connections half-open, consuming resources on the server.

  4. If the attacker sends these SYN packets rapidly enough, the server can run out of resources to handle legitimate traffic, resulting in a denial of service.

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