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Which one of the following covalent bonds is the most polar? H-C H-Cl S-O C-N C-S

Question

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Solution

To determine which covalent bond is the most polar, we need to look at the electronegativity values of the atoms involved in each bond. Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The greater the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond.

Here are the approximate electronegativity values for the atoms in question:

  • Hydrogen (H): 2.20
  • Carbon (C): 2.55
  • Chlorine (Cl): 3.16
  • Sulfur (S): 2.58
  • Oxygen (O): 3.44
  • Nitrogen (N): 3.04

Now, let's calculate the difference in electronegativity for each bond:

  • H-C: |2.20 - 2.55| = 0.35
  • H-Cl: |2.20 - 3.16| = 0.96
  • S-O: |2.58 - 3.44| = 0.86
  • C-N: |2.55 - 3.04| = 0.49
  • C-S: |2.55 - 2.58| = 0.03

From these calculations, we can see that the H-Cl bond has the greatest difference in electronegativity, making it the most polar of the bonds listed.

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