Critically examine the two concepts of organizational psychology and organizational behavior with relevant local examples.

Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior are two interrelated disciplines that study human behavior in an organizational setting. However, they differ in their focus and approach.

1. Organizational Psychology: This is a subfield of psychology that focuses on how an organization's structure, practices, and policies affect the behavior and attitudes of its members. It uses psychological theories and principles to understand the dynamics of the workplace and improve organizational health.

For example, a local company, XYZ Ltd., may employ an organizational psychologist to understand why there is a high turnover rate among its employees. The psychologist may conduct surveys or interviews to gather data and use psychological theories to interpret this data. They may find that the high turnover rate is due to a lack of job satisfaction, which could be linked to poor management practices or a lack of opportunities for career advancement. The psychologist would then recommend changes to the company's practices or policies to address these issues.

2. Organizational Behavior: This is a broader field that draws from psychology, sociology, and management to understand and predict human behavior in an organizational context. It focuses on group dynamics, leadership, motivation, and other factors that influence how people behave at work.

For example, a local non-profit organization, ABC Charity, may use principles of organizational behavior to improve teamwork and collaboration among its staff. They may implement team-building exercises or leadership training programs to enhance communication and cooperation. They may also introduce performance incentives to motivate employees and increase productivity.

In conclusion, while both fields study human behavior in an organizational setting, organizational psychology tends to focus more on individual behaviors and attitudes, while organizational behavior looks at the bigger picture, including group dynamics and organizational culture. Both fields can provide valuable insights for improving workplace efficiency, productivity, and satisfaction.