1. Discuss the factors that cause the trunk to fail during heavy lifting. 2. What can be done to prevent manual material handling injuries?

There are several factors that can cause the trunk to fail during heavy lifting. These include:

• Poor lifting technique: This is the most common cause of trunk failure during heavy lifting. If you do not use the correct technique, you can put too much strain on your trunk, leading to injury.

• Overexertion: Lifting something that is too heavy for you can cause your trunk to fail. It's important to know your limits and not to push yourself too hard.

• Lack of physical fitness: If your core muscles are not strong enough, they may not be able to support your trunk during heavy lifting, leading to failure.

• Not warming up: Just like with any physical activity, it's important to warm up before lifting heavy objects. This can help to prevent injury.

• Fatigue: If you are tired, your muscles may not be able to support the weight, leading to trunk failure.

There are several things that can be done to prevent manual material handling injuries:

• Use proper lifting techniques: Always bend at the knees, not the waist, and keep the load close to your body. Avoid twisting or turning while lifting.

• Use lifting aids: Whenever possible, use mechanical aids such as forklifts, dollies, or hoists to move heavy items.

• Stay in shape: Regular exercise can help to keep your muscles strong and flexible, reducing the risk of injury.

• Take breaks: Avoid lifting heavy objects for extended periods of time without taking breaks. This can help to prevent fatigue, which can lead to injury.

• Get training: If you are required to lift heavy objects as part of your job, make sure you receive proper training on how to do so safely.