Use the evidence described to explainwhy Rutherford concluded that:a an atom contains a lot of spaceb there is a central area of positive charge.

a) Rutherford concluded that an atom contains a lot of space based on his gold foil experiment. In this experiment, he fired alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil. He found that most of the alpha particles passed straight through the foil, which suggested that most of the atom was empty space.

b) However, some alpha particles were deflected at large angles or even bounced back. This could only happen if they were repelled by a concentrated positive charge. This led Rutherford to conclude that there is a central area of positive charge in an atom, which he called the nucleus. The fact that only a few particles were deflected indicated that this central positive charge was contained in a very small volume compared to the total size of the atom.