Give an example of a difference between the digestive systems of a carnivore and a herbivore.

Example of Differences Between Carnivore and Herbivore Digestive Systems

1. Stomach Structure:

   • Carnivores: Typically have a single-chambered stomach that is highly acidic. This acidic environment aids in the rapid breakdown of protein found in meat. For example, lions and tigers have stomachs that can maintain a pH level as low as 1 or 2, allowing them to digest their prey quickly and effectively.
   • Herbivores: Often possess a more complex stomach structure, such as a multi-chambered stomach in ruminants (e.g., cows, sheep). This complexity allows for the breakdown of fibrous plant material through fermentation, which is aided by microbial action. The first chamber, known as the rumen, acts as a fermentation vat where bacteria help in digesting cellulose from plants.

2. Length of the Intestinal Tract:

   • Carnivores: Generally have shorter intestines relative to body size, which facilitates quicker digestion and absorption of protein and fats. This is due to the fact that meat is easier to digest than plant materials.
   • Herbivores: Have longer intestines, allowing more time for the digestion and fermentation of plant matter. The extended length enables efficient absorption of nutrients from the tough, fibrous plants.

These differences are adaptations to their respective diets and reflect their ecological roles in the food chain.