In the experiment below, yeast cells are producing ethanol by anaerobic respiration. What is produced in animal cells?
Question
In the experiment below, yeast cells are producing ethanol by anaerobic respiration. What is produced in animal cells?
Solution
In animal cells, the process of anaerobic respiration primarily results in the production of lactic acid. This occurs when oxygen is limited, such as during intense exercise. The biochemical equation for lactic acid fermentation in animal cells can be summarized as follows:
When glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is generated for energy, but instead of ethanol like in yeast, the end product is lactic acid. This build-up of lactic acid in the muscles can result in temporary fatigue and discomfort. Once oxygen becomes available again, lactic acid can be converted back to glucose in a metabolic pathway known as gluconeogenesis.
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