Which part of the DNA provides information for a protein?ChromosomeMitochondriaRNAGene

The part of the DNA that provides information for a protein is the Gene.

Explanation:

1. Definition of Gene: A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein. Each gene consists of a sequence of nucleotides, and the sequence determines the amino acid sequence of the protein.

2. Role in Protein Synthesis: Genes are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) during a process called transcription. This mRNA then undergoes translation in the ribosome to synthesize proteins.

3. Comparison with Other Options:

   • Chromosome: This is a structure within cells that contains DNA. While chromosomes contain many genes, they do not themselves provide the information for a protein.
   • Mitochondria: These are organelles within cells that produce energy. Mitochondria have their own DNA but are not primarily responsible for coding proteins.
   • RNA: While RNA molecules (like mRNA) are crucial in the process of protein synthesis, they are not part of the DNA structure that provides the coding information.

In summary, genes are the specific regions of DNA that contain the necessary instructions for protein synthesis.