Which of the following were earlier loyal supporters of the Mughal empirelater became their bitter foes?

The groups that were earlier loyal supporters of the Mughal Empire and later became their bitter foes include:

1. Rajputs: Initially, many Rajput clans allied with the Mughals through marriage and treaties. However, as the empire expanded, tensions arose, leading to conflicts.

2. Marathas: The Maratha Empire initially supported the Mughals but eventually sought independence from Mughal rule, leading to significant confrontations.

3. Sikh Confederacy: The Sikhs originally had a conciliatory relationship with the Mughals, but due to persecution and oppressive policies, they turned against the empire.

4. Afghans: Certain Afghan groups were initially loyal but later challenged Mughal authority, particularly under leaders like Ahmad Shah Durrani.

These transitions often stemmed from changing political dynamics, resistance to Mughal taxes, and personal grievances among local rulers.