Which of the following are valid ways to update a variable?Choose as many answers as you see fit.total++total - 1total--total = total + 1

To determine which of the provided options are valid ways to update a variable, we will analyze each option.

1. total++: This is a valid way to increment the variable total by 1. It uses the increment operator.

2. total - 1: This is not a way to update the variable. It simply calculates total - 1 but does not assign the result back to total.

3. total--: This is a valid way to decrement the variable total by 1. It uses the decrement operator.

4. total = total + 1: This is also a valid way to increment the variable total by 1 and explicitly assigns the new value back to total.

Summary of Valid Options

• Valid options:
  • total++
  • total--
  • total = total + 1

In conclusion, the valid ways to update the variable total from your options are option 1, option 3, and option 4.