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Translate the following MIPS instructions to binary code 1. addi $s1, $s2,5 2. addu $t1, $s3, $s4 3. xori $s1, $s2,8 4. addiu $s6,$s7,-2 5. lui $s4,1

Question

Translate the following MIPS instructions to binary code

  1. addi $s1, $s2, 5
  2. addu $t1, $s3, $s4
  3. xori $s1, $s2, 8
  4. addiu $s6, $s7, -2
  5. lui $s4, 1
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Solution

1. Break Down the Problem

We need to convert several MIPS assembly instructions into their corresponding binary machine code representations. Each instruction has a specific format and encoding scheme that must be followed.

2. Relevant Concepts

  • Instruction Formats: MIPS instructions are generally classified into R-type, I-type, and J-type formats.
    • R-type: Used for arithmetic and logical operations that involve registers.
    • I-type: Used for immediate values, branch instructions, and loads/stores.
    • J-type: Used for jump instructions.

3. Analysis and Detail

  1. addi $s1, $s2, 5 (I-type)

    • Opcode: 001000 (for ADDI)
    • Source register: $s2 (which is 01010)
    • Destination register: $s1 (which is 01001)
    • Immediate: 0000000000000101 (5 in binary)
    • Binary Representation: 001000 01010 01001 0000000000000101

  2. addu $t1, $s3, $s4 (R-type)

    • Opcode: 000000 (for R-type)
    • Source register: $s3 (which is 10101)
    • Target register: $s4 (which is 10100)
    • Destination register: $t1 (which is 01001)
    • Shift amount: 00000
    • Function code: 100001 (for ADdu)
    • Binary Representation: 000000 10101 10100 01001 00000 100001

  3. xori $s1, $s2, 8 (I-type)

    • Opcode: 001110 (for XORI)
    • Source register: $s2 (which is 01010)
    • Destination register: $s1 (which is 01001)
    • Immediate: 0000000000001000 (8 in binary)
    • Binary Representation: 001110 01010 01001 0000000000001000

  4. addiu $s6, $s7, -2 (I-type)

    • Opcode: 001001 (for ADDIU)
    • Source register: $s7 (which is 01111)
    • Destination register: $s6 (which is 01010)
    • Immediate: 1111111111111110 (-2 in 16-bit binary)
    • Binary Representation: 001001 01111 01010 1111111111111110

  5. lui $s4, 1 (I-type)

    • Opcode: 001111 (for LUI)
    • Destination register: $s4 (which is 10100)
    • Immediate: 0000000000000001 (1 in binary)
    • Binary Representation: 001111 00000 10100 0000000000000001

4. Verify and Summarize

Each instruction has been analyzed and the corresponding binary instruction formats computed.

Final Answer

  1. addi $s1, $s2, 5: 001000 01010 01001 0000000000000101
  2. addu $t1, $s3, $s4: 000000 10101 10100 01001 00000 100001
  3. xori $s1, $s2, 8: 001110 01010 01001 0000000000001000
  4. addiu $s6, $s7, -2: 001001 01111 01010 1111111111111110
  5. lui $s4, 1: 001111 00000 10100 0000000000000001

This problem has been solved

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