What are the main, typical, options for delivering Last Mile networks in Australia in 2024? [10%]

Fibre to the Premises (FTTP): This is the most comprehensive and future-proof solution, where a fibre optic cable is run directly into the customer's premises. It offers the highest potential speeds and reliability.

Fibre to the Node (FTTN): In this setup, fibre is run to a local node or cabinet, and the existing copper network is used for the final connection to the customer's premises. This is a cheaper and quicker solution to implement than FTTP, but it offers lower speeds and less reliability.

Hybrid Fibre-Coaxial (HFC): This is a combination of fibre and coaxial cable, typically used in areas that already have a cable TV network. The fibre is run to a local node, and the existing coaxial cable is used for the final connection.

Fixed Wireless: This is used in rural and remote areas where it is not cost-effective to run fibre. A wireless signal is sent from a local tower to an antenna installed on the customer's premises.

Satellite: This is the last resort for very remote areas where no other options are feasible. A satellite dish is installed on the customer's premises to receive a signal from a satellite.

5G: This is a new technology that is expected to become more widespread by 2024. It offers high speeds and low latency, and can be a good solution for areas where it is difficult to run fibre.

Fibre to the Curb (FTTC): This is a newer technology where fibre is run to a pit or pole near the customer's premises, and the existing copper line is used for the final connection. It offers higher speeds and more reliability than FTTN, but is more expensive and takes longer to implement.