The value of the frictional force for a body is always constant when it is static and does not vary with applied force.
Question
The value of the frictional force for a body is always constant when it is static and does not vary with applied force.
Solution
The statement is not entirely correct. The frictional force on a static body does not remain constant but varies up to a certain limit. This is explained by the laws of static friction.
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Initially, when a body is static, the frictional force is zero. This is because frictional force only acts when there is an attempt to move the body.
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As we start applying force to move the body, the frictional force increases to balance the applied force. This is why the body does not move. This is known as the law of static friction which states that the frictional force increases with the applied force until it reaches a maximum limit.
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The maximum limit of static frictional force is given by the product of the coefficient of static friction and the normal force (F_max = μN). Beyond this limit, the frictional force cannot increase.
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If we continue to increase the applied force beyond this limit, the body starts to move. This is because the frictional force is unable to balance the applied force. At this point, the frictional force decreases and becomes kinetic friction.
So, the frictional force for a static body is not always constant but varies with the applied force up to a certain limit.
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