---------- includes instigating situation (press) and the need that is operating.

Your question seems to be incomplete as it doesn't specify what "----------" refers to. However, based on the context, it seems like you might be referring to a concept in psychology or communication theory.

In many theories, a communication or behavior process often includes an instigating situation (press) and the need that is operating. The instigating situation is the event or circumstance that triggers a response, while the need that is operating is the underlying motivation or desire that drives a person's behavior or response.

For example, in the field of psychology, this could be part of a behaviorist model where an external stimulus (press) triggers a response based on an internal need.

Please provide more information or clarify your question so I can give a more accurate answer.