In _____, the writer simply states a fact about a character.personal characterizationdirect characterizationindirect characterizationabstract characterization

In this case, the correct answer is direct characterization.

Explanation:

Direct characterization occurs when the author explicitly describes a character's traits, background, or motivations directly to the reader. This can include statements about the character's physical appearance, thoughts, emotions, or actions. For example, saying "John is a kind and generous man" is a clear example of direct characterization, as it plainly presents a fact about John's character without requiring the reader to infer or interpret any additional information.

In contrast, indirect characterization involves revealing a character's traits through their actions, dialogue, or interactions with other characters, requiring the reader to draw conclusions based on that information. The other options provided, such as personal characterization and abstract characterization, are not standard terms widely recognized in literary analysis.

Final Answer

Direct characterization