What features of academic writing require that the writer directly state his or her stand and support it with information clearly and completely?

Academic writing has several key features that require the writer to clearly state their position and support it with comprehensive and clear information. Here are the main ones:

1. Thesis Statement: This is the writer's main argument or stand. It is usually stated in the introduction of the paper and is the central point around which the entire paper revolves. The thesis statement should be clear, concise, and directly state the writer's position.

2. Evidence-Based: Academic writing is not just about stating opinions, but about providing evidence to support these opinions. This evidence can come from various sources such as research studies, statistics, or expert quotes. The writer must present this evidence in a clear and organized manner to support their thesis statement.

3. Logical Structure: Academic writing requires a logical structure that helps the reader follow the writer's argument. This includes an introduction where the thesis statement is presented, a body where the evidence is provided, and a conclusion where the thesis statement is reiterated and the evidence is summarized.

4. Clarity and Precision: In academic writing, the writer must be clear and precise. This means avoiding vague language and ensuring that the reader can easily understand the writer's argument and the evidence provided.

5. Formal Tone: Academic writing requires a formal tone. This means avoiding colloquial language, slang, and contractions. The writer must present their argument in a professional and respectful manner.

6. Referencing: When using evidence from other sources, the writer must properly cite these sources. This not only gives credit to the original authors, but also allows the reader to verify the information if they wish.

7. Objectivity: While the writer is stating their stand, they must also remain objective. This means presenting the evidence in a fair and unbiased manner, and considering opposing viewpoints.