Which of the following areas of the brainstem activates accessory respiratory muscles during forced breathing?

The area of the brainstem that activates accessory respiratory muscles during forced breathing is primarily the medulla oblongata. Within the medulla, the ventral respiratory groups (VRG) play a crucial role in controlling the rhythm and depth of breathing, particularly during vigorous exercise or situations requiring increased airflow.

In addition, the pons, specifically the pneumotaxic center, helps regulate the pattern and rate of breathing. It coordinates the transition between inhalation and exhalation and can influence the use of accessory muscles during forceful respiratory efforts.

In summary, both the medulla oblongata and the pons are key areas in the brainstem involved in the activation of accessory respiratory muscles during forced breathing.