Briefly explain the function of any two (02) "Control and Status Registers" that areused to movc data between the CPU and main memory.

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Control and Status Registers (CSRs) are special registers used in computer systems to control and monitor various aspects of the system's operation. Two CSRs that are commonly used to move data between the CPU and main memory are the Memory Data Register (MDR) and the Memory Address Register (MAR).

1. Memory Data Register (MDR): The MDR is a register that holds the data being transferred between the CPU and main memory. It acts as a temporary storage location for data during read and write operations. When the CPU needs to read data from main memory, it sends the memory address to the MAR and the data is fetched from that address and stored in the MDR. Similarly, when the CPU wants to write data to main memory, it stores the data in the MDR and sends the memory address to the MAR. The MDR then transfers the data to the specified memory address.

2. Memory Address Register (MAR): The MAR is a register that holds the memory address of the data being accessed in main memory. When the CPU wants to read or write data from or to main memory, it sends the memory address to the MAR. The MAR then holds this address until the data transfer is completed. The MAR is responsible for selecting the specific memory location from which data needs to be fetched or stored.

In summary, the MDR and MAR are control and status registers that facilitate the movement of data between the CPU and main memory. The MDR holds the actual data being transferred, while the MAR holds the memory address of the data being accessed.