The full cycle of ethnic conflict includes all of the following EXCEPT: Question 20Select one:Hot stagePreparatory stageRecursive stageSmoldering stage

To determine the answer to the question regarding the full cycle of ethnic conflict, we can analyze each of the options given in relation to commonly accepted stages of ethnic conflict.

Analysis of Options

1. Hot stage: This stage refers to the active conflict phase where violence occurs. It is a recognized part of the cycle.

2. Preparatory stage: This stage includes the planning or buildup to conflict. It is typically included in the cycle of conflict.

3. Recursive stage: This term is not generally recognized as a distinct stage in the cycle of ethnic conflict. It may imply repetition but lacks specificity in standard frameworks.

4. Smoldering stage: This stage refers to ongoing tension and underlying issues that have not yet erupted into violence. It is also a recognized stage.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis, the Recursive stage is the option that does not typically belong to the established cycle of ethnic conflict.

Final Answer

Recursive stage.