Which of the following has the largest dipole moment?Question 32Select one:a.BF3b.NH3c.O3d.OCS

To determine which of the given molecules has the largest dipole moment, we will analyze each option based on its molecular structure and symmetry.

1. BF3: Boron trifluoride is a trigonal planar molecule with symmetrical arrangement of the fluorine atoms around the boron atom. This symmetry results in a net dipole moment of zero.

2. NH3: Ammonia has a trigonal pyramidal shape due to the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen atom. This asymmetry results in a net dipole moment pointing from the nitrogen to the hydrogen atoms.

3. O3: Ozone has a bent molecular shape due to the presence of a resonance structure. It has a net dipole moment directed from the central oxygen atom towards the other two oxygen atoms.

4. OCS: Carbonyl sulfide has a linear shape. However, the presence of the electronegative oxygen atom creates a dipole moment directed towards the oxygen.

Analysis of Dipole Moments

• BF3: Dipole moment = 0 D (zero)
• NH3: Non-zero dipole moment due to its shape and electronegativity difference.
• O3: Non-zero dipole moment due to its bent shape.
• OCS: Non-zero dipole moment, but less than NH3.

Summary

Among these options, ammonia (NH3) has a significant dipole moment due to its trigonal pyramidal shape and the presence of a lone pair that creates asymmetry. Ozone (O3) also has a dipole moment, but it is generally lower than that of ammonia.

Final Answer

The molecule with the largest dipole moment is NH3.