You are given an undirected graph of N nodes and M edges. Return 1 if the graph is a tree, else return 0.
Question
You are given an undirected graph of N nodes and M edges.
Return 1 if the graph is a tree, else return 0.
Solution
To solve this problem, you need to understand the properties of a tree in graph theory. A graph is a tree if it is connected and does not contain any cycle.
Here are the steps to solve this problem:
-
Initialize a data structure (like an adjacency list) to store the graph.
-
Check if the graph is connected. You can do this by performing a Depth-First Search (DFS) or Breadth-First Search (BFS) from any node and then checking if all nodes were visited. If not all nodes were visited, the graph is not connected and you can return 0.
-
Check if the graph contains a cycle. You can do this by performing a DFS and checking if you ever visit a node that has already been visited. If you find such a node, the graph contains a cycle and you can return 0.
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If the graph is connected and does not contain a cycle, it is a tree. Return 1.
Here is a Python code snippet that implements these steps:
def isTree(N, M, edges):
# Step 1: Store the graph
graph = [[] for _ in range(N+1)]
for u, v in edges:
graph[u].append(v)
graph[v].append(u)
# Step 2: Check if the graph is connected
visited = [0]*(N+1)
def dfs(node, parent):
visited[node] = 1
for child in graph[node]:
if visited[child] == 0:
if dfs(child, node) == False:
return False
elif child != parent:
return False
return True
# If the graph is not connected
if dfs(1, -1) == False or sum(visited) != N:
return 0
# Step 3: Check if the graph contains a cycle
# If the graph is connected and does not contain a cycle
return 1
This function takes as input the number of nodes N
, the number of edges M
, and a list of edges, where each edge is a tuple of two nodes. It returns 1 if the graph is a tree and 0 otherwise.
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