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How many different ways can you choose 4 fruits from a basket of 10 fruits if you don't want to choose any of one type of fruit?

Question

How many different ways can you choose 4 fruits from a basket of 10 fruits if you don't want to choose any of one type of fruit?

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Solution

Sure, let's break it down step by step.

  1. Identify the total number of fruits and the restriction:

    • There are 10 fruits in total.
    • We need to choose 4 fruits.
    • We don't want to choose any of one type of fruit.
  2. Calculate the total number of ways to choose 4 fruits from 10 without any restrictions:

    • This can be done using the combination formula (nk) \binom{n}{k} , where n n is the total number of items, and k k is the number of items to choose.
    • Here, n=10 n = 10 and k=4 k = 4 .
    • So, (104)=10!4!(104)!=10!4!6! \binom{10}{4} = \frac{10!}{4!(10-4)!} = \frac{10!}{4! \cdot 6!} .
  3. Calculate (104) \binom{10}{4} :

    • 10!=10×9×8×7×6! 10! = 10 \times 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6! .
    • 4!=4×3×2×1=24 4! = 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 24 .
    • 6!=6×5×4×3×2×1=720 6! = 6 \times 5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 720 .
    • So, (104)=10×9×8×7×6!4!×6!=10×9×8×724 \binom{10}{4} = \frac{10 \times 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6!}{4! \times 6!} = \frac{10 \times 9 \times 8 \times 7}{24} .
  4. Simplify the fraction:

    • 10×9×8×7=5040 10 \times 9 \times 8 \times 7 = 5040 .
    • 504024=210 \frac{5040}{24} = 210 .
  5. Account for the restriction:

    • We need to subtract the number of ways to choose 4 fruits that include at least one of the restricted type.
    • Assume there is 1 type of fruit we don't want to choose, and there are 9 other fruits left.
    • We need to choose 4 fruits from these 9 fruits.
    • So, we calculate (94) \binom{9}{4} .
  6. Calculate (94) \binom{9}{4} :

    • (94)=9!4!(94)!=9!4!5! \binom{9}{4} = \frac{9!}{4!(9-4)!} = \frac{9!}{4! \cdot 5!} .
    • 9!=9×8×7×6×5! 9! = 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6 \times 5! .
    • 4!=24 4! = 24 .
    • 5!=120 5! = 120 .
    • So, (94)=9×8×7×6×5!4!×5!=9×8×7×624 \binom{9}{4} = \frac{9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6 \times 5!}{4! \times 5!} = \frac{9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6}{24} .
  7. Simplify the fraction:

    • 9×8×7×6=3024 9 \times 8 \times 7 \times 6 = 3024 .
    • 302424=126 \frac{3024}{24} = 126 .
  8. Subtract the restricted combinations from the total combinations:

    • Total combinations without restriction: 210.
    • Combinations including the restricted type: 126.
    • So, the number of ways to choose 4 fruits without choosing any of one type: 210126=84 210 - 126 = 84 .

Therefore, there are 84 different ways to choose 4 fruits from a basket of 10 fruits if you don't want to choose any of one type of fruit.

This problem has been solved

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