Which theory explains motivation through social comparisons?1 pointa. expectancy theory.b. equity theory.c. reinforcement theory.d. goal-setting theory.

Analysis of the Options

1. Expectancy Theory: This theory posits that individuals are motivated by their expectation that their efforts will lead to desired outcomes. It does not focus on social comparisons.

2. Equity Theory: This theory focuses on the concept of fairness and equity in social exchanges. It emphasizes how people compare their input/output ratio to that of others, which directly relates to social comparisons.

3. Reinforcement Theory: This theory is based on the idea that behavior is a function of its consequences, focusing more on rewards and punishments rather than social comparisons.

4. Goal-Setting Theory: This theory highlights the motivational properties of setting specific and challenging goals, but it does not primarily address motivation through social comparisons.

Conclusion

The best answer is b. equity theory. This theory effectively explains motivation through social comparisons, as it centers on how individuals assess their own input and outcomes in relation to others.