Differentiate between Bipolar 1 and Bipolar II disorder? How are they different fromCyclothymia?

Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorders are both types of mood disorders characterized by periods of extreme mood swings. However, they differ in the severity and type of these mood swings.

1. Bipolar I Disorder: This is characterized by at least one manic episode, which is a period of extremely elevated or irritable mood and high energy levels. These manic episodes can last for at least a week and may be so severe that hospitalization is required. Depressive episodes are also common in Bipolar I, but they are not required for a diagnosis.

2. Bipolar II Disorder: This is characterized by at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode, which is a less severe form of mania. People with Bipolar II have never had a full manic episode.

Cyclothymia, on the other hand, is a milder form of bipolar disorder. It involves periods of hypomanic symptoms as well as periods of depressive symptoms. However, these symptoms are less severe than those seen in full-blown manic or depressive episodes. To be diagnosed with cyclothymia, a person must experience these symptoms for at least two years with no more than two symptom-free months in a row.

In summary, the main differences between these disorders are the severity and type of mood swings. Bipolar I involves severe manic episodes, Bipolar II involves less severe hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes, and cyclothymia involves milder, chronic mood swings.