What is the role of tRNA during translation?
Question
What is the role of tRNA during translation?
Solution
tRNA, or transfer RNA, plays a crucial role during the process of translation in protein synthesis. Here’s a concise explanation of its role:
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Amino Acid Transport: tRNA molecules transport specific amino acids to the ribosome, the site of protein synthesis. Each tRNA is specific to one amino acid.
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Anticodon Matching: Each tRNA has a set of three nucleotides called an anticodon. This anticodon pairs with a complementary codon on the mRNA strand, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
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Peptide Bond Formation: Once the correct tRNA is in place, the ribosome facilitates the formation of a peptide bond between the amino acid carried by the tRNA and the growing polypeptide chain.
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Recycling: After delivering its amino acid, the tRNA is released from the ribosome and can be recharged with another amino acid to participate in another round of translation.
In summary, tRNA is essential for decoding the mRNA sequence into a specific sequence of amino acids, ultimately leading to the synthesis of proteins.
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