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Which of the following compounds are likely to be soluble in water: Ni(OH)2 , ZnCl2 , CuS, Fe2(CO3)3, AgCl, and Pb(NO3)2 ?

Question

Which of the following compounds are likely to be soluble in water:

  • Ni(OH)2
  • ZnCl2
  • CuS
  • Fe2(CO3)3
  • AgCl
  • Pb(NO3)2 ?
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Solution

To determine whether a compound is likely to be soluble in water, we can refer to the solubility rules. Here are the rules relevant to the compounds in question:

  1. Most nitrate (NO3-) salts are soluble.
  2. Most chloride (Cl-) salts are soluble. Notable exceptions are salts containing Ag+, Pb2+, and Hg22+.
  3. Most sulfate (SO42-) salts are soluble. Notable exceptions are BaSO4, PbSO4, and Hg2SO4.
  4. Most hydroxide (OH-) salts are only slightly soluble. Notable exceptions are NaOH and KOH.
  5. Most sulfide (S2-) salts are only slightly soluble. Notable exceptions are Na2S, K2S, and (NH4)2S.
  6. Most carbonate (CO32-) salts are only slightly soluble. Notable exceptions are Na2CO3 and K2CO3.

Now, let's apply these rules to the compounds:

  1. Ni(OH)2: This is a hydroxide salt. According to the rules, most hydroxide salts are only slightly soluble, with exceptions being NaOH and KOH. Since Ni(OH)2 is not one of these exceptions, it is likely to be insoluble in water.

  2. ZnCl2: This is a chloride salt. Most chloride salts are soluble, with exceptions being salts containing Ag+, Pb2+, and Hg22+. Since ZnCl2 does not contain any of these ions, it is likely to be soluble in water.

  3. CuS: This is a sulfide salt. Most sulfide salts are only slightly soluble, with exceptions being Na2S, K2S, and (NH4)2S. Since CuS is not one of these exceptions, it is likely to be insoluble in water.

  4. Fe2(CO3)3: This is a carbonate salt. Most carbonate salts are only slightly soluble, with exceptions being Na2CO3 and K2CO3. Since Fe2(CO3)3 is not one of these exceptions, it is likely to be insoluble in water.

  5. AgCl: This is a chloride salt. Most chloride salts are soluble, but there are exceptions, and AgCl is one of them. Therefore, it is likely to be insoluble in water.

  6. Pb(NO3)2: This is a nitrate salt. Most nitrate salts are soluble, and there are no exceptions listed in the rules. Therefore, it is likely to be soluble in water.

In conclusion, ZnCl2 and Pb(NO3)2 are likely to be soluble in water, while Ni(OH)2, CuS, Fe2(CO3)3, and AgCl are likely to be insoluble.

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