Explain statistical terms relating to tourism, and analyse the difficulties involved in measuring tourism.

Statistical terms relating to tourism:

1. Tourist: A person who travels to a place other than their usual environment for less than a year for various purposes including leisure and business.

2. Tourism Flow: This refers to the movement of tourists from their place of origin to their destination and back.

3. Tourism Expenditure: The total consumption expenditure made by a tourist, or on behalf of a tourist for goods and services during their trip and stay at the destination.

4. Tourism Demand: The amount of tourism services that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price level and time period.

5. Tourism Supply: The total amount of a specific type of tourism service that the market can offer to tourists.

6. Occupancy Rate: The percentage of available rooms in a hotel or group of hotels that are occupied during a specific period of time.

Difficulties involved in measuring tourism:

1. Non-Standardized Data: Different countries may have different methods of collecting and reporting tourism data, making it difficult to compare data across countries.

2. Informal Sector: A significant portion of tourism activity occurs in the informal sector, which is often not captured in official statistics.

3. Seasonality: Tourism demand can be highly seasonal, which can make it difficult to measure and forecast.

4. Double Counting: Tourists often visit multiple destinations on a single trip, which can lead to double counting in tourism statistics.

5. Intangible Aspects: Some aspects of tourism, such as cultural exchange or personal enrichment, are difficult to measure with quantitative methods.