classify anti tubercular drugs. write chemical name, structure , uses,brand name of INH

Classification of Anti-Tubercular Drugs

Anti-tubercular drugs are essential in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), and they can be classified into two main categories: first-line and second-line agents.

1. First-Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs:

   • Isoniazid (INH)
   • Rifampicin
   • Ethambutol
   • Pyrazinamide

2. Second-Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs:

   • Streptomycin
   • Kanamycin
   • Capreomycin
   • Ofloxacin
   • Ciprofloxacin
   • Para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS)

Details for Isoniazid (INH)

1. Chemical Name:

   • Isoniazid

2. Structure:

   • The chemical structure of Isoniazid is represented by the following formula: $C_6H_6N_4O$
   • The structure can be visualized as follows:
     • 

3. Uses:

   • Isoniazid is primarily used to treat active tuberculosis and as a preventative therapy for individuals exposed to TB. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids, which are essential components of the mycobacterial cell wall.

4. Brand Name:

   • Common brand names for Isoniazid include:
     • Laniazid
     • Nydrazid

In summary, Isoniazid is a critical first-line medication used in the management of tuberculosis, and its unique mechanism of action makes it effective against this infectious disease.