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In THREE points, relate the equation of continuity with the propulsion of a rocket.

Question

In THREE points, relate the equation of continuity with the propulsion of a rocket.

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Solution

  1. The equation of continuity in fluid dynamics states that the mass flow rate in a fluid system remains constant. This principle is applied in rocket propulsion where the mass of the rocket fuel being expelled out of the rocket (product of the fuel's density, velocity, and cross-sectional area of the exhaust) remains constant.

  2. As the rocket fuel is burned and expelled, the mass of the rocket decreases. However, according to the equation of continuity, the velocity of the expelled gases must increase to maintain a constant mass flow rate. This increased velocity of the expelled gases results in an increased thrust force propelling the rocket upwards.

  3. The equation of continuity also explains why rockets are more efficient in space. In space, there is no external pressure acting on the exhaust gases. This allows the gases to expand more and thus be expelled at higher velocities, resulting in greater thrust. This wouldn't be possible on Earth due to atmospheric pressure.

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