As soils mature, distinct layers called ______ appear.Multiple Choiceunitsbedsstratahorizonslayers

The distinct layers that appear as soils mature are called horizons.

Explanation:

Soil formation is a complex process influenced by factors such as organic matter accumulation, weathering of parent materials, and environmental conditions. Over time, as soil develops, the different physical and chemical properties lead to the formation of distinct layers or horizons. Each horizon has unique characteristics and can be classified into several types:

1. O Horizon: This is the top layer, rich in organic matter, mainly composed of decomposed leaves and other organic materials.
2. A Horizon: Often referred to as the topsoil, this layer is where most biological activity occurs, containing a mix of organic and mineral content.
3. E Horizon: This layer is characterized by leaching, where minerals and organic materials are washed out, often showing a lighter color.
4. B Horizon: Known as the subsoil, it is where materials leached from above accumulate, often rich in minerals.
5. C Horizon: This consists of weathered rock material and is less affected by soil processes.
6. R Horizon: The bedrock layer, which is the parent material beneath the soil.

Together, these horizons illustrate the process of soil development and play a crucial role in ecosystems, affecting water retention, nutrient availability, and plant growth.