1. What are the two types of Exceptions in Java? Which are the differences between them?

In Java, there are two types of exceptions: Checked Exceptions and Unchecked Exceptions.

1. Checked Exceptions: These are the exceptions that are checked at compile time. If some code within a method throws a checked exception, then the method must either handle the exception or it must specify the exception using throws keyword. For example, consider the exceptions like IOException, SQLException etc. These exceptions cannot simply be ignored at the time of compilation.

2. Unchecked Exceptions: These are the exceptions that are not checked at compiled time. In C++, all exceptions are unchecked, so it is not forced by the compiler to either handle or specify the exception. It is up to the programmers to be civilized, and specify or catch the exceptions. In Java exceptions under Error and RuntimeException classes are unchecked exceptions, everything else under throwable is checked.

The main difference between checked and unchecked exception is that the checked exceptions are checked at compile-time while unchecked exceptions are checked at runtime. Also, checked exceptions are known to the compiler while unchecked exceptions are not known to the compiler.