Given list [16, 32, 35, 99, 37, 42, 67, 88, 68], how many swaps are needed to sort the list?

To solve this problem, we can use the Bubble Sort algorithm, which is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order. The pass through the list is repeated until the list is sorted.

Here are the steps:

1. Start from the first element in the list, which is 16 in this case.
2. Compare the current element with the next element. If the current element is greater than the next element, swap them. If not, move to the next element.
3. Repeat step 2 until the end of the list.
4. Repeat steps 1-3 until no more swaps are needed.

Let's apply these steps to the given list:

Original list: [16, 32, 35, 99, 37, 42, 67, 88, 68]

First pass:

• Compare 16 and 32. No swap needed.
• Compare 32 and 35. No swap needed.
• Compare 35 and 99. No swap needed.
• Compare 99 and 37. Swap needed. New list: [16, 32, 35, 37, 99, 42, 67, 88, 68]
• Compare 99 and 42. Swap needed. New list: [16, 32, 35, 37, 42, 99, 67, 88, 68]
• Compare 99 and 67. Swap needed. New list: [16, 32, 35, 37, 42, 67, 99, 88, 68]
• Compare 99 and 88. Swap needed. New list: [16, 32, 35, 37, 42, 67, 88, 99, 68]
• Compare 99 and 68. Swap needed. New list: [16, 32, 35, 37, 42, 67, 88, 68, 99]

Second pass:

• Compare 16, 32, 35, 37, 42, 67, 88. No swap needed.
• Compare 88 and 68. Swap needed. New list: [16, 32, 35, 37, 42, 67, 68, 88, 99]

No more swaps are needed after the second pass, so the list is now sorted.

In total, 5 swaps were needed to sort the list.