Question 1Which protocol provides mechanisms ensuring data is reliably delivered?

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides mechanisms ensuring data is reliably delivered.

Here are the steps explaining how it works:

1. Connection Establishment: Before any data transfer takes place, TCP establishes a connection between the sender and the receiver. This is done through a process known as the "three-way handshake".

2. Data Transfer: Once the connection is established, data transfer begins. TCP breaks the data into smaller packets that are then sent to the receiver.

3. Error Checking: Each packet of data has a checksum, which is a value calculated from the data. The receiver calculates its own checksum from the received data and compares it to the one sent with the packet. If they match, the data has been correctly received.

4. Acknowledgement: If the data is correctly received, the receiver sends an acknowledgement back to the sender. If the sender does not receive an acknowledgement within a certain time frame, it assumes the packet was lost and resends it.

5. Connection Termination: Once all data has been transferred and acknowledged, the connection is terminated.

This process ensures that data is reliably delivered over the network.