How did the people react to the memorandum given out by the emperor? How did this affect the legacy left by Li Su and the Qin emperor?

The memorandum issued by the Qin emperor, particularly the infamous one known as the "Edict of Unification," elicited a range of reactions from the populace. Generally, the people's reactions can be categorized into a few key areas:

1. Shock and Fear: Many people were taken aback by the harsh measures and strict regulations put forth in the memorandum. The Qin dynasty was known for its legalism and harsh punishments, which instilled fear among the population.

2. Compliance and Resistance: While some complied with the orders out of necessity or fear of punishment, others resisted, leading to protests and uprisings. The strict enforcement of laws and the heavy taxation imposed by the Qin government created discontent among various social classes.

3. Impact on Social Cohesion: The memorandum's promotion of a centralized authority weakened traditional social structures and local autonomy, leading to a breakdown in community bonds and increased resentment towards the central government.

Legacy of Li Su and the Qin Emperor

1. Li Su's Role: Li Su, a notable statesman and the primary architect of the Qin's legalist policies, is often remembered for his harsh yet effective administrative strategies. His legacy is a mixed one; while he contributed to the unification and centralization of China, his methods were brutal and engendered widespread resentment.

2. Emperor Qin's Legacy: The legacy of the Qin emperor, Qin Shi Huang, is one of the most polarizing in Chinese history. On one hand, he is credited with unifying the country, standardizing measurements, and building significant infrastructure, such as the Great Wall. On the other hand, his authoritarian rule and the suppression of dissent led to a rapid decline in the dynasty's popularity and stability.

3. Long-Term Effects: The harsh policies and the reactions to them eventually contributed to the downfall of the Qin dynasty shortly after Qin Shi Huang's death. The legacy of both Li Su and the emperor reflects the consequences of extreme legalism and authoritarian rule, setting a historical precedent for future dynasties regarding governance and the balance of power.

In summary, the memorandum's reception was marked by fear, compliance, and resistance, deeply influencing the legacies of both Li Su and the Qin emperor, characterized by a combination of significant achievements and the seeds of discontent that led to the dynasty's fall.