For a certain Hill Cipher the Encryption Matrix is [[17 17 5] [21 18 21] [2 2 19]]. The Plaintext is orb. The corresponding Cipher text will be
Question
For a certain Hill Cipher the Encryption Matrix is
[[17 17 5]
[21 18 21]
[2 2 19]]
The Plaintext is orb
. The corresponding Cipher text will be
Solution
To solve this, we first need to convert the plaintext "orb" into numerical equivalents. In the English alphabet, "o" is 15, "r" is 18, and "b" is 2. So, our plaintext vector is [15, 18, 2].
Next, we multiply the encryption matrix by the plaintext vector. This is done as follows:
For the first element of the ciphertext vector: (1715) + (1718) + (5*2) = 697
For the second element of the ciphertext vector: (2115) + (1818) + (21*2) = 849
For the third element of the ciphertext vector: (215) + (218) + (19*2) = 98
So, the resulting vector is [697, 849, 98].
However, we need to reduce these numbers modulo 26 (the number of letters in the English alphabet) to get a valid ciphertext.
So, the final ciphertext vector is [697 mod 26, 849 mod 26, 98 mod 26] = [9, 15, 20].
Finally, we convert these numbers back into letters. "9" corresponds to "j", "15" corresponds to "p", and "20" corresponds to "t".
So, the ciphertext for the plaintext "orb" with the given encryption matrix is "jpt".
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