Find all possible Taylor and Laurent series expansions for the function(2z + 3)/((z + 1)(z + 2)) around z = 1 and specify the domain of validity.
Question
Find all possible Taylor and Laurent series expansions for the function around and specify the domain of validity.
Solution
The function can be written as a partial fraction:
(2z + 3)/((z + 1)(z + 2)) = A/(z + 1) + B/(z + 2)
Solving for A and B gives A = -1 and B = 3. So the function can be rewritten as:
-1/(z + 1) + 3/(z + 2)
Now, we can find the Taylor series expansion around z = 1 for each term separately.
For -1/(z + 1), we can write it as -1/(1 + (z - 1)), and then use the geometric series formula to get the Taylor series:
-1/(1 + (z - 1)) = -1 - (z - 1) - (z - 1)^2 - (z - 1)^3 - ...
For 3/(z + 2), we can write it as 3/(2 + (z - 2)), and then use the geometric series formula to get the Taylor series:
3/(2 + (z - 2)) = 3/2 - 3/4*(z - 2) + 9/16*(z - 2)^2 - 27/64*(z - 2)^3 + ...
Adding these two series together gives the Taylor series for the original function:
-1 - (z - 1) - (z - 1)^2 - (z - 1)^3 - ... + 3/2 - 3/4*(z - 2) + 9/16*(z - 2)^2 - 27/64*(z - 2)^3 + ...
This series is valid for |z - 1| < 1 and |z - 2| < 2.
For the Laurent series, we can use the same partial fractions, but now we need to find the series around z = 1. This means we need to express each term as a series in (z - 1).
For -1/(z + 1), we can write it as -1/(2 - (1 - z)), and then use the geometric series formula to get the Laurent series:
-1/(2 - (1 - z)) = -1/2 + 1/4*(1 - z) - 1/8*(1 - z)^2 + 1/16*(1 - z)^3 - ...
For 3/(z + 2), we can write it as 3/(3 - (1 - z)), and then use the geometric series formula to get the Laurent series:
3/(3 - (1 - z)) = 1 - 1/3*(1 - z) + 1/9*(1 - z)^2 - 1/27*(1 - z)^3 + ...
Adding these two series together gives the Laurent series for the original function:
-1/2 + 1/4*(1 - z) - 1/8*(1 - z)^2 + 1/16*(1 - z)^3 - ... + 1 - 1/3*(1 - z) + 1/9*(1 - z)^2 - 1/27*(1 - z)^3 + ...
This series is valid for 1 < |z - 1| < 2.
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