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Yeast breads use yeast as a leavening agent.  Yeast is a living single celled organism.  Using a chemical reaction, explain why the bread rises.

Question

Yeast breads use yeast as a leavening agent.

Yeast is a living single celled organism.
Using a chemical reaction, explain why the bread rises.

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Solution

Yeast breads rise due to a process called fermentation. Here's a step-by-step explanation:

  1. When yeast is mixed with the ingredients of the bread, it starts to feed on the sugars present in the flour.

  2. As the yeast metabolizes the sugar, it produces carbon dioxide gas and alcohol. This is a chemical reaction known as fermentation. The general formula for fermentation is: C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2.

  3. The carbon dioxide gas gets trapped in the dough, creating bubbles that cause the dough to rise. This is why the dough increases in volume.

  4. The alcohol produced by the yeast evaporates during the baking process, contributing to the bread's flavor.

  5. The heat from baking also kills the yeast, stopping the fermentation process and setting the bread's structure.

So, the rising of the bread is a result of the chemical reaction of fermentation caused by the yeast.

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