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Bases that dissociate completely are bases, while bases that do not ionize completely are bases.

Question

Bases that dissociate completely are strong bases, while bases that do not ionize completely are weak bases.

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Solution

Bases that dissociate completely in solution are referred to as strong bases, while bases that do not ionize completely are known as weak bases.

Understanding Strong Bases

Strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH), fully dissociate into their ions in an aqueous solution. This means that when they are dissolved in water, they release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) completely, leading to a significant increase in the solution’s pH.

Understanding Weak Bases

Weak bases, on the other hand, such as ammonia (NH₃) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), do not completely dissociate in water. Instead, they establish an equilibrium between the undissociated base and the ions produced. For instance, ammonia can react with water to form ammonium (NH₄⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻), but only a small fraction of the ammonia molecules dissociate, resulting in a relatively lower pH compared to strong bases.

In summary, whether a base is classified as strong or weak depends on its ability to dissociate in solution, affecting its reactivity and the pH of the solution.

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